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Roots of Resilience

Two hurricanes and a global pandemic exposed a need to support coastal North Carolina youth struggling with upheaval in their lives. Harnessing lessons from nature, a team of Duke and North Carolina State University researchers, students and staff, North Carolina teachers, and community partners created a versatile middle school program that now guides kids across the state through turbulent times.

By Julie Leibach

 

 

On a blue-sky Saturday in March, a group of young children and adults have gathered in a small, open-air shed at the Museum of Life and Science in Durham, waiting for the entertainment to begin.

“Puppet show in the barnyard in five minutes! Come see it while you still can!” calls an older girl, clad in a blue-and-white tie-dyed T-shirt, to museum goers on a nearby footpath.

In the shelter, a teenager wearing a matching tie-dyed shirt stands at a small lectern, flanked by several peers in like attire. He first introduces his team — students from Broad Creek Middle School in coastal Carteret County, North Carolina — then presents the show: “It’s a story called Teddy and the Trash Monster.”

The drama unfolds over five or so minutes as several student puppeteers maneuver animal cutouts from behind a backlit screen while others provide narration. The plot goes something like this: A turtle named Teddy befriends a gaggle of wetland creatures determined to vanquish a vile glob of plastic detritus that has been terrorizing their habitat.

This shadow puppet show is just one of several student creations on temporary exhibit at the museum as part of Creek Week, an educational event celebrating local waterways. At another booth, a phalanx of colorful finger-puppet snails appears attentive with googly eyes and grins. Nearby, a gallery of drawings depicts fish enwreathed with phrases describing traits like “self-awareness” and “mental agility.”

The students’ source of inspiration is a book of fables — stories with a lesson — about animals and plants persevering through challenging ecological and social situations. In one fable, for example, a marsh snail survives high tide after heeding sage advice. In another, a snapper teaches a grouper to become self-sufficient after family tragedy.

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The fables are central to , a middle school program designed to help kids navigate communal and personal hardships, be they natural disasters or relationship struggles. Born from a unique collaboration — comprising faculty, staff and students from the ���Ĵ�ý Nicholas School of the Environment and North Carolina State University, resilience practitioners, and other North Carolina educators — the program also includes lesson plans and complementary activities modifiable for different ages and educational settings.   

First piloted in Carteret County in 2022, Ready, Set, Resilience has expanded to five counties across the state, including areas devastated by Hurricane Helene in September 2024. This momentum reflects a growing need to support students through various crises that disrupt lives and learning. It’s also a testament to the dedication of North Carolina teachers who have been instrumental in shaping Ready, Set, Resilience into a versatile program that benefits kids and adults alike.

“As an educator, this is the most impactful thing I’ve ever seen implemented,” says Robert Condie, an eighth grade English teacher at Broad Creek Middle School, who mentored the shadow puppet show team. “I’ve never seen a program like this change not only the students, but the faculty and the energy of a campus and, personally, me. I feel like a better person just being a part of this.”

Origin Story

In the fall of 2020, as coastal communities gripped by the pandemic were still recovering from damaging hurricanes in 2019 and 2018, the Duke Marine Lab in Beaufort, North Carolina, received a unique request from the local Boys and Girls Club. Personnel were concerned that kids in the club’s afterschool program were suffering from the prolonged disruption to normal life. Could the Marine Lab help?

“What they wanted were [Marine Lab] students to come and mentor their kids in a way to support the kids socially and emotionally,” says Liz DeMattia, a research scientist with the Nicholas School and director of the , who co-leads Ready, Set, Resilience.

University students from the Marine Lab had traditionally assisted with science-based programming at the afterschool program. To qualify as mentors, they would need additional training, so DeMattia sought expertise from Patrick Jeffs, a former trauma therapist and founder of a consultancy called .

Together, DeMattia and Jeffs developed a series of mentorship training workshops on resilience. To drive home the concept, they challenged the Marine Lab students to draw examples of nature bouncing back from disturbance. The students’ examples — a sea star regenerating a lost limb, for example, and new growth emerging after a forest fire — astounded the workshop leaders.

“What they came up with was so beautiful,” DeMattia says. It dawned on her: Weaving examples of nature’s resilience into fictional stories could be a powerful teaching tool. 

Beyond providing entertainment, stories can help kids process difficult experiences and emotions from a “psychologically safe distance,” says Kathryn Stevenson, director of the at NC State and co-leader of Ready, Set, Resilience.

Telling a tale set in nature through animal and plant characters — typical protagonists in classic fables — adds an extra layer of comfortable distance. “When they’re able to see characters deal with adverse experiences and display resilience, kids are able to better understand what these skills are and build them without having to engage so deeply with their own personal experiences,” Stevenson explains.

Creating the fables that now anchor Ready, Set, Resilience was a group effort led by former Marine Lab community engagement fellow Aurora McCollum. McCollum, who has a master’s degree in environmental management from the Nicholas School, recruited several undergraduates enrolled in a service-learning program called to help her pen plotlines. 

I’ve never seen a program like this change not only the students, but the faculty and the energy of a campus and, personally, me. I feel like a better person just being a part of this.”

— Robert Condie, eighth grade English teacher, Broad Creek Middle School

Ultimately, McCollum and her cowriters produced nine stories, now available in a book called . Through lively dialogue and narration, the fables explore six qualities fundamental to personal resilience — mental agility, connection, self-awareness, self-regulation, optimism, and strength of character — through an ecological lens.

The , by McCollum, is a fitting introduction to a familiar North Carolina scenario: a hurricane. McCollum imagines a live oak named Quint enduring powerful winds by relying on encouragement from seasoned elders, as well as deep roots and a twisted shape — traits that keep live oaks from toppling.

“Live oak trees are really well adapted to thrive in hurricane-prone environments,” explains McCollum, who recently tied to her work with Ready, Set, Resilience. “I thought that that translated really well into what we were trying to do [with the fables].”

Since their debut, the fables have spurred a flurry of creative output. Ready, Set, Resilience programming now includes a suite of aligned with North Carolina educational standards, as well an with mental and physical exercises for centering mind and body. Although the materials build off scholarship in positive psychology — a field centered on well-being — DeMattia and Stevenson both emphasize that the program is not intended to replace formal therapy.

“We can’t expect teachers to have that special training, but we can support them with activities to decrease stress and increase self-awareness and increase self-control — those soft skills of personal resilience,” DeMattia says.

“Sometimes it’s gonna be a hurricane, but sometimes it’s gonna be your friends mad at you,” Stevenson adds. “In middle school, that can sometimes feel really big.”

Adaptive Traits

Robert Condie, the English teacher, first heard about the nature fables as students were settling back into classrooms after months of hybrid schedules. Life was hectic, so he was hesitant to try a new program. But then he read the story about Quint the live oak bending, not breaking, in the hurricane. “It moved me to say yes,” Condie recalls.

He now uses Ready, Set, Resilience to teach the hero’s journey, a literary archetype that involves an individual on a transformative quest. The fables are seamless tie-ins, not just for their emphasis on personal resilience — a hallmark of the classic hero — but for their narrative structures and character development, Condie says.

Other teachers have similarly adapted the curriculum to their respective subjects.

In Matthew Turpin’s science class at Morehead City Middle School in Carteret County, the fables help contextualize ecological concepts. For example, a tale about a tree named Terry is a door to learning about mycorrhizal networks. These underground fungal systems facilitate chemical signaling and nutrient-sharing among roots from different trees, improving tree resilience to drought and pests. In the fable, Terry eschews this communal sharing, preferring to hoard resources. When he receives help after falling ill, Terry apologizes for his selfish behavior.

At Sherwood Githens Middle School, part of Durham Public Schools, Nelly Basile uses the fables to teach her English language learners new vocabulary. The students become more engaged seeing words like “evacuation,” “storm surge” or “recovery” in stories about natural disasters they may have experienced in their home countries, according to Basile.

“It’s a more vivid lesson when you incorporate [vocabulary into] scenes that they can actually relate to,” Basile says. When a word is isolated, “it doesn’t mean anything to them.”

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The utility and flexibility of Ready, Set, Resilience reflect the diverse expertise of its architects. North Carolina educators collaborate with Duke and NC State researchers, staff and students on program development, implementation and adoption.

“What has been most eye-opening for me is that no matter what we create, amazing teachers take it in and are able to modify it for their needs and their students,” DeMattia says.

Periodic workshops run by Ready, Set, Resilience team members provide designated time for teachers to offer feedback on what works and what doesn’t.  

“None of the curriculum is given to the teachers [with the instruction] ‘You must do this.’ It’s ‘What are your ideas?’” says Sarah Spiegler, coastal resilience specialist for . “The teachers actually test the curriculum in the classroom, and they come back and they make changes to it, and they tell the researchers, ‘This worked’ or, ‘This didn’t work.’ And so it’s very iterative.”

North Carolina Sea Grant is a primary funder of Ready, Set, Resilience, along with the Nicholas School, the Marine Lab, the and NC State’s . Additionally, as part of a  with DeMattia,  professor of the practice Torry Bend is creating new ways to explore resilience through the use of puppetry.

As Nelly Basile notes, a puppet show could be an effective way for her English language learners to participate in an annual multicultural event at their school. Some kids worry about making mistakes in public, she says, but they may have “more confidence to speak through a puppet.”

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Signs of Success

 

So far, more than 100 educators from six public school districts have worked with Ready, Set, Resilience program materials to some extent. Recent additions include educators in Yancey and Buncombe counties in western North Carolina, where Hurricane Helene claimed more than 100 lives and caused  in direct and indirect damages.

Whether program adoption is benefitting students is one focus of Stevenson’s research at NC State. Currently, her team is working with participating educators and analyzing student assessments to determine how success might be measured.

“We need to understand what’s going on in the classrooms before we can understand how that’s impacting students,” Stevenson says.

Anecdotal evidence suggests the program is resonating.

Sarah Laws, a science teacher at Mountain Heritage High School in Yancey County, began using Ready, Set, Resilience shortly after Hurricane Helene. For one assignment, she asked her ninth grade students to form small groups, read a fable, and write their own by incorporating concepts from class lectures on ecology. Then, each group presented their stories to their classmates.

One group shared a fable about a snake shunned by its peers who ends up saving their habitat from developers. Realizing they had misjudged the serpent, the other animals accept their hero.  

“When [these students] presented, I asked them how they got to this idea,” Laws recalls, “and they said that they have neighbors who see their piercings and the way they dress, and [those neighbors] don’t want to talk to them. But when the storm happened, everyone came together, and everyone was helping each other, and that was the first time [these students] felt like they were part of their community.”

Data collected by Stevenson’s team indicates that Ready, Set, Resilience has also had a strikingly positive effect on teachers. In particular, teachers appreciate the respect for their expertise, the opportunity for creative freedom, and building rapport with their students and each other. As it turns out, teacher workshops aren’t just for brainstorming — they’re also a safe place for catharsis.

That was Laws’ experience when DeMattia and several educators from coastal North Carolina led a workshop in Yancey County last year, shortly before Thanksgiving. Dozens of local educators from the area showed up for what became a reprieve from Helene’s horrific aftermath.

“Everything was just top-notch and exactly what we needed in terms of not reliving the trauma, not having to discuss what happened, but rather making it really positive,” Laws says.

The event was so popular, DeMattia and colleagues led two additional workshops in the spring in Buncombe County, where Asheville is located, and teachers from western North Carolina traveled to the Marine Lab on the southeastern coast for a summer workshop.

Ready, Set, Resilience team members are also planning to participate in the  in Asheville in mid-October, which will bring more opportunity for connection with western North Carolinians.

Bright Futures

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The Broad Creek Middle School students who performed at the Museum of Life and Science in Durham had risen before dawn to make the three-hour drive from their homes on North Carolina’s Crystal Coast.

Their presentation of Teddy and the Trash Monster was the zenith of weeks spent collaborating as members of an extracurricular club focused exclusively on Ready, Set, Resilience concepts. Robert Condie founded the club as a way to bring kids of complementary talents together.

For the students, creating the puppet show was itself an exercise in building resilience. The script went through at least four drafts and ample discussion, according to lead writer Sophia, now a high school freshman.

“It was a lot of taking out things that didn’t work for everybody and adding in things that everybody enjoyed. It was interesting for me, because I usually write solo, to have a bunch of other opinions to worry about, but we did a sort of survey at the end, and everybody [in the club] was very happy with how it turned out,” Sophia says.

The experience was also good preparation for ninth grade, she adds. “I know I’m going to be able to do it instead of, can I do it? And I think that’s really helpful going into high school with that mindset.”

For his part, Condie has turned the club into a nonprofit to support Broad Creek Middle School students who want more engagement in resilience topics with communities and organizations focused on coastal stewardship.

“We’re trying to be leaders and pillars of the community and take pride in what we have, which is paradise here on the Crystal Coast,” Condie says. “I wanted to put [students] at the forefront of this and really have them own the future of what’s to come here at Broad Creek and abroad.”

Are you an educator interested in learning more about Ready, Set, Resilience? .

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Community Resources

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Duke also supports North Carolina students through the (HESP). Led by the Nicholas School’s associate dean for experiential education and undergraduate research, Meagan Dunphy-Daly, Nicholas School experiential education program coordinator Emma Schmaltz, and School of Medicine assistant professor Jason Somarelli, HESP provides year-round programming for Durham public high school students interested in fields in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

The first half of the program focuses on college and career readiness training for high school participants. The second half involves hands-on learning — called experiential education — using lesson plans created by Duke undergraduate students, who also mentor the high schoolers. The program culminates in a “hackathon” that challenges the high school participants to devise solutions to environmental problems, such as plastic pollution.

Nicholas School students have other opportunities to engage in educational outreach, too. Last spring, for example, nine undergraduates spent a week in Puerto Rico learning how efforts to improve sustainability and energy resilience interweave with island culture. During the trip, students helped install solar panels and a backup battery at the rural home of a community member with medical needs, ensuring that the resident’s medical devices would keep running during long power outages common to the area. 

After returning to Duke, the students drew on their experiences to develop lesson plans on topics such as environmental health and renewable energy. The goal is to translate the lesson plans into Spanish, says Nicholas Nease, a senior double-majoring in computer science and environmental sciences and policy, who went on the trip. That way, he says, the resources “can reach as many students as possible.”

Find more lesson plans on the .

 

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This article may be shared under a . Please also include a link to the source material. For example, if you publish an adaptation of the article, an appropriate credit line would be: Adapted from an article written by Julie Leibach and published by the ���Ĵ�ý Nicholas School of the Environment on Sept. 23, 2025.

 

This article was updated on Sept. 25, 2025, to indicate that Torry Bend is a professor of the practice in the Duke Department of Theater Studies, not Duke Arts, as previously written. An additional update was made on Sept. 30 to correct the name of the Health and Environment Scholars Program. 

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