In this presentation, Dr. Timothy Shafer, PI, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US EPA, will review the need for alternative approaches for DNT testing and provide a brief historical perspective of research to meet this need. The current state of the field will also be presented with examples of how this area of research is currently impacting decision-making regarding pesticides and PFAS compounds. The presentation will then turn towards the future and discuss ongoing research as well as topics that might prove fruitful in the future.